![]() ![]() ![]() Another branch of this institution was founded in Delhi in 1939 by Padma Shri Pt. He was praised by his colleagues for establishing the first of these in the “belly of the beast” -in Lahore, which is now in Pakistan. Paluskar founded Gandharva Mahavidyalaya in an act of “reclaiming” music for the Hindus. ![]() However, this was also partly to show their Carnatic counterparts whose music had remained fairly Hindu and devotional over time. He transcribed these and devised a mildly successful written notation method. The Hindu nationalist movement said that music needed “nation, notation, and religion.” Indian musicologist Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande traveled around north India after 1903 and met with numerous pandits and ustaads, and collected ragas (melodic frameworks) and talas (time cycles) from various gharanas. He even went on to notate music in order to show that Indian classical music is as sophisticated as white people’s music in the West. Paluskar started calling Islamic musical gharana “illiterate” and “debauched.” His arguments were based on the mythology that music was created by the learned Hindu sages. When an artist would become unparalleled in skills and musical contributions, they would spearhead what we call a gharana and pupils would seek learning from such centers, which were no less than a musical university in their own regard. Music was traditionally taught in gharanas or lineages. A form of improvisational singing called Khyal Gayaki was introduced and one can easily say that it is still a major part of any classical musical presentation today.Īt the beginning of the 20th century, Hindustani classical vocalist Dattatreya Vishnu Paluskar began a Hindu nationalist movement seeking to reclaim music from Muslims. This was also a time when music was considered more than just a devotional tool. The most popular of the instruments are the tabla and sitar, which are now globally acclaimed as exceptionally delicate and dextrous instruments for play and performance. Khusroe contributed with a series of instruments that are now the backbone of the modern Hindustani music performance traditions. The Turkish invaders of the 12th century added Sufi poet Amir Khusroe to the list of innovators and trendsetters in Hindustani classical music. She is commonly portrayed as a “pure” lady, and most metaphors associated with her are about her whiteness and purity. Meanwhile, Saraswati is the Goddess of music, education, and knowledge. When we read the scriptures further we can understand that Brahma passed on his musical abilities to Narad, who is often seen singing in praise of Lord Vishnu. The sound of the mridangam was what created the Big Bang, and the first sound the universe produced was called Nada Brahma, or the eternally resounding impulse. The Vedic scriptures suggest that he defeated the demon Tripura and created Mridangam, the pivotal percussion instrument in the classical music repertoire, from the blood-soaked earth. Lord Brahma is one among the holy trinity in Hindu religion and he is the creator of the universe and all the realms. The origin of Indian classical music is attributed to Lord Brahma. ![]() This devoted listening is problematized here by Avdhesh Babaria, who describes how the past and current structures of this music (all the way to its very instruments) are dominated by predatory casteist and anti-Muslim logics. If you ever visited The Funambulist’s office, you may have noticed that we listen to a lot of classical music from the Indian Subcontinent. ![]()
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